diff --git a/playground/ssr-deps/__tests__/ssr-deps.spec.ts b/playground/ssr-deps/__tests__/ssr-deps.spec.ts
index b61cb355f..0d09facb9 100644
--- a/playground/ssr-deps/__tests__/ssr-deps.spec.ts
+++ b/playground/ssr-deps/__tests__/ssr-deps.spec.ts
@@ -119,6 +119,13 @@ test('import css library', async () => {
   expect(await page.textContent('.module-condition')).toMatch('[success]')
 })
 
+test('optimize-deps-nested-include', async () => {
+  await page.goto(url)
+  expect(await page.textContent('.optimize-deps-nested-include')).toMatch(
+    'nested-include',
+  )
+})
+
 describe.runIf(isServe)('hmr', () => {
   // TODO: the server file is not imported on the client at all
   // so it's not present in the client moduleGraph anymore
diff --git a/playground/ssr-deps/nested-exclude/index.js b/playground/ssr-deps/nested-exclude/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c3dc5c01b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/playground/ssr-deps/nested-exclude/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+export { default as nestedInclude } from '@vitejs/test-nested-include'
+
+export default 'nested-exclude'
diff --git a/playground/ssr-deps/nested-exclude/package.json b/playground/ssr-deps/nested-exclude/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3e12e0111
--- /dev/null
+++ b/playground/ssr-deps/nested-exclude/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+  "name": "@vitejs/test-nested-exclude",
+  "private": true,
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "type": "module",
+  "main": "index.js",
+  "dependencies": {
+    "@vitejs/test-nested-include": "file:../nested-include"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/playground/ssr-deps/nested-include/index.js b/playground/ssr-deps/nested-include/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..547417fcf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/playground/ssr-deps/nested-include/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+// written in cjs, optimization should convert this to esm
+module.exports = 'nested-include'
diff --git a/playground/ssr-deps/nested-include/package.json b/playground/ssr-deps/nested-include/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d4b97a206
--- /dev/null
+++ b/playground/ssr-deps/nested-include/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+  "name": "@vitejs/test-nested-include",
+  "private": true,
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "main": "index.js"
+}
diff --git a/playground/ssr-deps/package.json b/playground/ssr-deps/package.json
index 17c0c94d2..9ed18a607 100644
--- a/playground/ssr-deps/package.json
+++ b/playground/ssr-deps/package.json
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
     "@vitejs/test-non-optimized-with-nested-external": "workspace:*",
     "@vitejs/test-optimized-with-nested-external": "file:./optimized-with-nested-external",
     "@vitejs/test-optimized-cjs-with-nested-external": "file:./optimized-with-nested-external",
+    "@vitejs/test-nested-exclude": "file:./nested-exclude",
     "@vitejs/test-external-using-external-entry": "file:./external-using-external-entry",
     "@vitejs/test-external-entry": "file:./external-entry",
     "@vitejs/test-linked-no-external": "link:./linked-no-external",
diff --git a/playground/ssr-deps/server.js b/playground/ssr-deps/server.js
index 52134ea16..ebdc5be4a 100644
--- a/playground/ssr-deps/server.js
+++ b/playground/ssr-deps/server.js
@@ -42,13 +42,20 @@ export async function createServer(root = process.cwd(), hmrPort) {
     },
     appType: 'custom',
     ssr: {
-      noExternal,
+      noExternal: [
+        ...noExternal,
+        '@vitejs/test-nested-exclude',
+        '@vitejs/test-nested-include',
+      ],
       external: [
         '@vitejs/test-nested-external',
         '@vitejs/test-external-entry/entry',
       ],
       optimizeDeps: {
-        include: noExternal,
+        include: [
+          ...noExternal,
+          '@vitejs/test-nested-exclude > @vitejs/test-nested-include',
+        ],
       },
     },
     plugins: [
diff --git a/playground/ssr-deps/src/app.js b/playground/ssr-deps/src/app.js
index 719c6eec7..1f1e0c7bb 100644
--- a/playground/ssr-deps/src/app.js
+++ b/playground/ssr-deps/src/app.js
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import '@vitejs/test-non-optimized-with-nested-external'
 
 import * as optimizedWithNestedExternal from '@vitejs/test-optimized-with-nested-external'
 import * as optimizedCjsWithNestedExternal from '@vitejs/test-optimized-cjs-with-nested-external'
+import * as optimizeDepsNestedInclude from '@vitejs/test-nested-exclude'
 
 import { setMessage } from '@vitejs/test-external-entry/entry'
 setMessage('Hello World!')
@@ -94,5 +95,7 @@ export async function render(url, rootDir) {
 
   html += `\n<p class="isomorphic-module-browser"></p>`
 
+  html += `\n<p class="optimize-deps-nested-include">message from optimize-deps-nested-include: ${optimizeDepsNestedInclude.nestedInclude}</p>`
+
   return html + '\n'
 }
diff --git a/pnpm-lock.yaml b/pnpm-lock.yaml
index 746fa2bef..cee4e12db 100644
--- a/pnpm-lock.yaml
+++ b/pnpm-lock.yaml
@@ -1372,6 +1372,9 @@ importers:
       '@vitejs/test-module-condition':
         specifier: file:./module-condition
         version: file:playground/ssr-deps/module-condition
+      '@vitejs/test-nested-exclude':
+        specifier: file:./nested-exclude
+        version: file:playground/ssr-deps/nested-exclude
       '@vitejs/test-no-external-cjs':
         specifier: file:./no-external-cjs
         version: file:playground/ssr-deps/no-external-cjs
@@ -1442,10 +1445,18 @@ importers:
 
   playground/ssr-deps/module-condition: {}
 
+  playground/ssr-deps/nested-exclude:
+    dependencies:
+      '@vitejs/test-nested-include':
+        specifier: file:../nested-include
+        version: file:playground/ssr-deps/nested-include
+
   playground/ssr-deps/nested-external: {}
 
   playground/ssr-deps/nested-external-cjs: {}
 
+  playground/ssr-deps/nested-include: {}
+
   playground/ssr-deps/no-external-cjs: {}
 
   playground/ssr-deps/no-external-css: {}
@@ -3357,12 +3368,18 @@ packages:
   '@vitejs/test-nested-exclude@file:playground/optimize-deps/nested-exclude':
     resolution: {directory: playground/optimize-deps/nested-exclude, type: directory}
 
+  '@vitejs/test-nested-exclude@file:playground/ssr-deps/nested-exclude':
+    resolution: {directory: playground/ssr-deps/nested-exclude, type: directory}
+
   '@vitejs/test-nested-external@file:playground/ssr-deps/nested-external':
     resolution: {directory: playground/ssr-deps/nested-external, type: directory}
 
   '@vitejs/test-nested-include@file:playground/optimize-deps/nested-include':
     resolution: {directory: playground/optimize-deps/nested-include, type: directory}
 
+  '@vitejs/test-nested-include@file:playground/ssr-deps/nested-include':
+    resolution: {directory: playground/ssr-deps/nested-include, type: directory}
+
   '@vitejs/test-no-external-cjs@file:playground/ssr-deps/no-external-cjs':
     resolution: {directory: playground/ssr-deps/no-external-cjs, type: directory}
 
@@ -8803,10 +8820,16 @@ snapshots:
     dependencies:
       '@vitejs/test-nested-include': file:playground/optimize-deps/nested-include
 
+  '@vitejs/test-nested-exclude@file:playground/ssr-deps/nested-exclude':
+    dependencies:
+      '@vitejs/test-nested-include': file:playground/ssr-deps/nested-include
+
   '@vitejs/test-nested-external@file:playground/ssr-deps/nested-external': {}
 
   '@vitejs/test-nested-include@file:playground/optimize-deps/nested-include': {}
 
+  '@vitejs/test-nested-include@file:playground/ssr-deps/nested-include': {}
+
   '@vitejs/test-no-external-cjs@file:playground/ssr-deps/no-external-cjs': {}
 
   '@vitejs/test-no-external-css@file:playground/ssr-deps/no-external-css': {}