Notable changes:
* ECMAScript Modules - `--experimental-modules` flag removal
* AsyncLocalStorage API (experimental)
* REPL previews
* REPL reverse-i-search
* REPL substring-based search
* Error monitoring
* Monitoring `error` events
* Monitoring uncaught exceptions
* File system APIs
* New function: `fs.readv`
* Optional parameters in `fs.read`
* Console `groupIndentation` option
* `maxStringLength` option for `util.inspect()`
* Stable N-API release 6
* Stable diagnostic reports
* Increase of the default server headers timeout
* New `--trace-sigint` CLI flag
* Various crypto APIs now support Diffie-Hellman secrets
* Added support for the `dns.ALL` flag in `dns.lookup()`
* Added a new experimental API to interact with Source Map V3 data
* Added support for passing a `transferList` along with `workerData` to
the `Worker` constructor
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/33197
Deprecations:
- (SEMVER-MAJOR) crypto: move pbkdf2 without digest to EOL
(James M Snell) [#31166](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/31166)
- (SEMVER-MAJOR) fs: deprecate closing FileHandle on garbage collection
(James M Snell) [#28396](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/28396)
- (SEMVER-MAJOR) http: move OutboundMessage.prototype.flush to EOL
(James M Snell) [#31164](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/31164)
- (SEMVER-MAJOR) lib: move GLOBAL and root aliases to EOL
(James M Snell) [#31167](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/31167)
- (SEMVER-MAJOR) os: move tmpDir() to EOL
(James M Snell)[#31169](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/31169)
- (SEMVER-MAJOR) src: remove deprecated wasm type check
(Clemens Backes) [#32116](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/32116)
- (SEMVER-MAJOR) stream: move \_writableState.buffer to EOL
(James M Snell) [#31165](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/31165)
- (SEMVER-MINOR) doc: deprecate process.mainModule
(Antoine du HAMEL) [#32232](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/32232)
- (SEMVER-MINOR) doc: deprecate process.umask() with no arguments
(Colin Ihrig) [#32499](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/32499)
ECMAScript Modules - Experimental Warning Removal:
- module: remove experimental modules warning
(Guy Bedford) [#31974](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/31974)
In Node.js 13 we removed the need to include the --experimental-modules
flag, but when running EcmaScript Modules in Node.js, this would still
result in a warning ExperimentalWarning: The ESM module loader is
experimental.
As of Node.js 14 there is no longer this warning when using ESM in
Node.js. However, the ESM implementation in Node.js remains
experimental. As per our stability index: “The feature is not subject
to Semantic Versioning rules. Non-backward compatible changes or
removal may occur in any future release.” Users should be cautious when
using the feature in production environments.
Please keep in mind that the implementation of ESM in Node.js differs
from the developer experience you might be familiar with. Most
transpilation workflows support features such as optional file
extensions or JSON modules that the Node.js ESM implementation does not
support. It is highly likely that modules from transpiled environments
will require a certain degree of refactoring to work in Node.js. It is
worth mentioning that many of our design decisions were made with two
primary goals. Spec compliance and Web Compatibility. It is our belief
that the current implementation offers a future proof model to
authoring ESM modules that paves the path to Universal JavaScript.
Please read more in our documentation.
The ESM implementation in Node.js is still experimental but we do believe
that we are getting very close to being able to call ESM in Node.js
“stable”. Removing the warning is a huge step in that direction.
New V8 ArrayBuffer API:
* **src**: migrate to new V8 ArrayBuffer API
(Thang Tran) [#30782](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/30782)
Multiple ArrayBuffers pointing to the same base address are no longer
allowed by V8. This may impact native addons.
Toolchain and Compiler Upgrades:
- (SEMVER-MAJOR) build: update macos deployment target to 10.13 for 14.x
(AshCripps)[#32454](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/32454)
- (SEMVER-MAJOR) doc: update cross compiler machine for Linux armv7
(Richard Lau) [#32812](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/32812)
- (SEMVER-MAJOR) doc: update Centos/RHEL releases use devtoolset-8
(Richard Lau) [#32812](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/32812)
- (SEMVER-MAJOR) doc: remove SmartOS from official binaries
(Richard Lau) [#32812](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/32812)
- (SEMVER-MAJOR) win: block running on EOL Windows versions
(João Reis) [#31954](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/31954)
It is expected that there will be an ABI mismatch on ARM between the
Node.js binary and native addons. Native addons are only broken if they
interact with `std::shared_ptr`. This is expected to be fixed in a
later version of Node.js 14.
- [#30786](https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/30786)
Update to V8 8.1:
- (SEMVER-MAJOR) deps: update V8 to 8.1.307.20
(Matheus Marchini) [#32116](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/32116)
Other Notable Changes:
- cli, report: move --report-on-fatalerror to stable
(Colin Ihrig) [#32496](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/32496)
- deps: upgrade to libuv 1.37.0
(Colin Ihrig) [#32866](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/32866)
- fs: add fs/promises alias module
(Gus Caplan) [#31553](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/31553)
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/32181
Notable changes:
Due to release process failures, Node.js v10.20.0 shipped with source
and header tarballs that did not properly match the final release
commit that was used to build the binaries. We recommend that Node.js
v10.20.0 not be used, particularly in any applications using native
add-ons or where compiling Node.js from source is involved.
Node.js v10.20.1 is a clean release with the correct sources and is
strongly recommended in place of v10.20.0.
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/32768
Our documentation uses em dashes inconsistently. They are treated
inconsistently typographically too. (For example, they are sometimes
surrounded by spaces and sometimes not.) They are also often confused
with ordinary hyphens such as in the CHANGELOG, where they are
inadvertently mixed together in a single list. The difference is
not obvious in the raw markdown but is very noticeable when rendered,
appearing to be a typographical error (which it in fact is).
The em dash is never needed. There are always alternatives. Remove em
dashes entirely.
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/32080
Reviewed-By: Richard Lau <riclau@uk.ibm.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Luigi Pinca <luigipinca@gmail.com>
Notable changes:
In Node.js 13.9.0 deps/zlib was switched to the chromium maintained
implementation. This change had the unforseen consequence of breaking
building from the tarballs we release as we were too aggressively
removing `unneccessary files` from the `deps/zlib` folder. This release
includes a patch that ensures that individuals will once again be able
to build Node.js from source.
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/32099
Notable changes:
Node.js 12.16.0 included 6 regressions that are being fixed in this
release
**Accidental Unflagging of Self Resolving Modules**:
12.16.0 included a large update to the ESM implementation. One of the
new features, Self Referential Modules, was accidentally released
without requiring the `--experimental-modules` flag. This release is
being made to appropriately flag the feature.
**Process Cleanup Changed Introduced WASM-Related Assertion**:
A change during Node.js process cleanup led to a crash in combination
with specific usage of WASM. This has been fixed by partially reverted
said change. A regression test and a full fix are being worked on and
will likely be included in future 12.x and 13.x releases.
**Use Largepages Runtime Option Introduced Linking Failure**:
A Semver-Minor change to introduce `--use-largepages` as a runtime
option introduced a linking failure. This had been fixed in master but
regressed as the fix has not yet gone out in a Current release. The
feature has been reverted, but will be able to reland with a fix in a
future Semver-Minor release.
**Async Hooks was Causing an Exception When Handling Errors**:
Changes in async hooks internals introduced a case where an internal
api call could be called with undefined causing a process to crash. The
change to async hooks was reverted. A regression test and fix has been
proposed and the change could re land in a future Semver-Patch release
if the regression is reliably fixed.
**New Enumerable Read-Only Property on EventEmitter breaks @types/extend**
A new property for enumerating events was added to the EventEmitter
class. This broke existing code that was using the `@types/extend`
module for extending classses as `@types/extend` was attemping to write
over the existing field which the new change made read-only. As this is
the first property on EventEmitter that is read-only this feature could
be considered Semver-Major. The new feature has been reverted but could
re land in a future Semver-Minor release if a non breaking way of
applying it is found.
**Exceptions in the HTTP parser were not emitting an uncaughtException**
A refactoring to Node.js interanls resulted in a bug where errors in
the HTTP parser were not being emitted by
`process.on('uncaughtException')`. The fix to this bug has been
included in this release.
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/31781
Notable changes:
New assert APIs
The `assert` module now provides experimental `assert.match()` and
`assert.doesNotMatch()` methods. They will validate that the first argument is a
string and matches (or does not match) the provided regular expression
This is an experimental feature.
Ruben Bridgewater [#30929](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/30929).
Advanced serialization for IPC
The `child_process` and `cluster` modules now support a `serialization` option
to change the serialization mechanism used for IPC. The option can have one of
two values:
* `'json'` (default): `JSON.stringify()` and `JSON.parse()` are used. This is
how message serialization was done before.
* `'advanced'`: The serialization API of the `v8` module is used. It is based on
the HTML structured clone algorithm.
and is able to serialize more built-in JavaScript object types, such as
`BigInt`, `Map`, `Set` etc. as well as circular data structures.
Anna Henningsen [#30162](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/30162).
CLI flags
The new `--trace-exit` CLI flag makes Node.js print a stack trace whenever the
Node.js environment is exited proactively (i.e. by invoking the `process.exit()`
function or pressing Ctrl+C).
legendecas [#30516](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/30516).
___
The new `--trace-uncaught` CLI flag makes Node.js print a stack trace at the
time of throwing uncaught exceptions, rather than at the creation of the `Error`
object, if there is any.
This option is not enabled by default because it may affect garbage collection
behavior negatively.
Anna Henningsen [#30025](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/30025).
___
The `--disallow-code-generation-from-strings` V8 CLI flag is now whitelisted in
the `NODE_OPTIONS` environment variable.
Shelley Vohr [#30094](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/30094).
New crypto APIs
For DSA and ECDSA, a new signature encoding is now supported in addition to the
existing one (DER). The `verify` and `sign` methods accept a `dsaEncoding`
option, which can have one of two values:
* `'der'` (default): DER-encoded ASN.1 signature structure encoding `(r, s)`.
* `'ieee-p1363'`: Signature format `r || s` as proposed in IEEE-P1363.
Tobias Nießen [#29292](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/29292).
___
A new method was added to `Hash`: `Hash.prototype.copy`. It makes it possible to
clone the internal state of a `Hash` object into a new `Hash` object, allowing
to compute the digest between updates.
Ben Noordhuis [#29910](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/29910).
Dependency updates
libuv was updated to 1.34.0. This includes fixes to `uv_fs_copyfile()` and
`uv_interface_addresses()` and adds two new functions: `uv_sleep()` and
`uv_fs_mkstemp()`.
Colin Ihrig [#30783](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/30783).
___
V8 was updated to 7.8.279.23. This includes performance improvements to object
destructuring, RegExp match failures and WebAssembly startup time.
The official release notes are available at https://v8.dev/blog/v8-release-78.
Michaël Zasso [#30109](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/30109).
New EventEmitter APIs
The new `EventEmitter.on` static method allows to async iterate over events.
Matteo Collina [#27994](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/27994).
___
It is now possible to monitor `'error'` events on an `EventEmitter` without
consuming the emitted error by installing a listener using the symbol
`EventEmitter.errorMonitor`.
Gerhard Stoebich [#30932](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/30932).
___
Using `async` functions with event handlers is problematic, because it
can lead to an unhandled rejection in case of a thrown exception.
The experimental `captureRejections` option in the `EventEmitter` constructor or
the global setting change this behavior, installing a
`.then(undefined, handler)` handler on the `Promise`. This handler routes the
exception asynchronously to the `Symbol.for('nodejs.rejection')` method if there
is one, or to the `'error'` event handler if there is none.
Setting `EventEmitter.captureRejections = true` will change the default for all
new instances of `EventEmitter`.
This is an experimental feature.
Matteo Collina [#27867](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/27867).
Performance Hooks are no longer experimental
The `perf_hooks` module is now considered a stable API.
legendecas [#31101](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/31101).
Introduction of experimental WebAssembly System Interface (WASI) support
A new core module, `wasi`, is introduced to provide an implementation of the
[WebAssembly System Interface](https://wasi.dev/) specification.
WASI gives sandboxed WebAssembly applications access to the
underlying operating system via a collection of POSIX-like functions.
This is an experimental feature.
Colin Ihrig [#30258](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/30258).
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/31691
This is a security release.
Vulnerabilities fixed:
* **CVE-2019-15606**:
HTTP header values do not have trailing OWS trimmed.
* **CVE-2019-15605**:
HTTP request smuggling using malformed Transfer-Encoding header.
* **CVE-2019-15604**:
Remotely trigger an assertion on a TLS server with a malformed
certificate string.
Also, HTTP parsing is more strict to be more secure. Since this may
cause problems in interoperability with some non-conformant HTTP
implementations, it is possible to disable the strict checks with the
`--insecure-http-parser` command line flag, or the `insecureHTTPParser`
http option. Using the insecure HTTP parser should be avoided.
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs-private/node-private/pull/198
This is a security release.
Vulnerabilities fixed:
* **CVE-2019-15606**:
HTTP header values do not have trailing OWS trimmed.
* **CVE-2019-15605**:
HTTP request smuggling using malformed Transfer-Encoding header.
* **CVE-2019-15604**:
Remotely trigger an assertion on a TLS server with a malformed
certificate string.
Also, HTTP parsing is more strict to be more secure. Since this may
cause problems in interoperability with some non-conformant HTTP
implementations, it is possible to disable the strict checks with the
`--insecure-http-parser` command line flag, or the `insecureHTTPParser`
http option. Using the insecure HTTP parser should be avoided.
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs-private/node-private/pull/197
This is a security release.
Vulnerabilities fixed:
* **CVE-2019-15606**:
HTTP header values do not have trailing OWS trimmed.
* **CVE-2019-15605**:
HTTP request smuggling using malformed Transfer-Encoding header.
* **CVE-2019-15604**:
Remotely trigger an assertion on a TLS server with a malformed
certificate string.
Also, HTTP parsing is more strict to be more secure. Since this may
cause problems in interoperability with some non-conformant HTTP
implementations, it is possible to disable the strict checks with the
`--insecure-http-parser` command line flag, or the `insecureHTTPParser`
http option. Using the insecure HTTP parser should be avoided.
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs-private/node-private/pull/196
Notable changes:
* Experimental support for building Node.js with Python 3 is improved.
* ICU time zone data is updated to version 2019c. This fixes the date
offset in Brazil.
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/30352
Notable changes:
* assert:
* If the validation function passed to `assert.throws()` or
`assert.rejects()` returns a value other than `true`, an assertion
error will be thrown instead of the original error to highlight the
programming mistake (Ruben Bridgewater).
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/28263
* If a constructor function is passed to validate the instance of
errors thrown in `assert.throws()` or `assert.reject()`, an
assertion error will be thrown instead of the original error
(Ruben Bridgewater).
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/28263
* build:
* Node.js releases are now built with default full-icu support. This
means that all locales supported by ICU are now included and
Intl-related APIs may return different values than before
(Richard Lau).
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/29887
* The minimum Xcode version supported for macOS was increased to 10.
It is still possible to build Node.js with Xcode 8 but this may no
longer be the case in a future v13.x release (Michael Dawson).
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/29622
* child_process:
* `ChildProcess._channel` (DEP0129) is now a Runtime deprecation
(cjihrig).
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/27949
* console:
* The output `console.timeEnd()` and `console.timeLog()` will now
automatically select a suitable time unit instead of always using
milliseconds (Xavier Stouder).
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/29251
* deps:
* The V8 engine was updated to version 7.8. This includes performance
improvements to object destructuring, memory usage and WebAssembly
startup time (Myles Borins).
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/29694)
* domain:
* The domain's error handler is now executed with the active domain
set to the domain's parent to prevent inner recursion
(Julien Gilli).
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/26211
* fs:
* The undocumented method `FSWatcher.prototype.start()` was removed
(Lucas Holmquist).
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/29905
* Calling the `open()` method on a `ReadStream` or `WriteStream` now
emits a runtime deprecation warning. The methods are supposed to be
internal and should not be called by user code (Robert Nagy).
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/29061
* `fs.read/write`, `fs.readSync/writeSync` and `fd.read/write` now
accept any safe integer as their `offset` parameter. The value of
`offset` is also no longer coerced, so a valid type must be passed
to the functions (Zach Bjornson).
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/26572
* http:
* Aborted requests no longer emit the `end` or `error` events after
`aborted` (Robert Nagy).
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/27984https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/20077
* Data will no longer be emitted after a socket error (Robert Nagy).
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/28711
* The legacy HTTP parser (previously available under the
`--http-parser=legacy` flag) was removed (Anna Henningsen).
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/29589
* The `host` option for HTTP requests is now validated to be a string
value (Giorgos Ntemiris).
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/29568
* The `request.connection` and `response.connection` properties are now
runtime deprecated. The equivalent `request.socket` and `response.socket`
should be used instead (Robert Nagy).
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/29015
* http, http2:
* The default server timeout was removed (Ali Ijaz Sheikh).
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/27558
* Brought 425 status code name into accordance with RFC 8470. The name
changed from "Unordered Collection" to "Too Early" (Sergei Osipov).
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/29880
* lib:
* The `error.errno` property will now always be a number. To get the
string value, use `error.code` instead (Joyee Cheung).
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/28140
* module:
* `module.createRequireFromPath()` is deprecated. Use
`module.createRequire()` instead (cjihrig).
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/27951
* src:
* Changing the value of `process.env.TZ` will now clear the tz cache.
This affects the default time zone used by methods such as
`Date.prototype.toString` (Ben Noordhuis).
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/20026
* stream:
* The timing and behavior of streams was consolidated for a number of
edge cases. Please look at the individual commits below for more
information.
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/29504
This release marks the transition of Node.js 12.x into Long Term Support
(LTS) with the codename 'Erbium'. The 12.x release line now moves into
"Active LTS" and will remain so until October 2020. After that time, it
will move into "Maintenance" until end of life in April 2022.
Notable changes:
npm was updated to 6.12.0. It now includes a version of `node-gyp` that
supports Python 3 for building native modules.
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/29981
These are flagged by Markdownlint MD001 rule.
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/29331
Reviewed-By: Rich Trott <rtrott@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Trivikram Kamat <trivikr.dev@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Luigi Pinca <luigipinca@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Notable changes:
* crypto:
* Added an oaepHash option to asymmetric encryption which allows
users to specify a hash function when using OAEP padding.
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/28335
* deps:
* Updated V8 to 7.6.303.29. https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/28955
* Improves the performance of various APIs such as `JSON.parse` and
methods called on frozen arrays.
* Adds the Promise.allSettled method.
* Improves support of `BigInt` in `Intl` methods.
* For more information: https://v8.dev/blog/v8-release-76
* Updated libuv to 1.31.0. https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/29070
* `UV_FS_O_FILEMAP` has been added for faster access to memory
mapped files on Windows.
* `uv_fs_mkdir()` now returns `UV_EINVAL` for invalid filenames on
Windows. It previously returned `UV_ENOENT`.
* The `uv_fs_statfs()` API has been added.
* The `uv_os_environ()` and `uv_os_free_environ()` APIs have been
added.
* fs:
* Added `fs.writev`, `fs.writevSync` and `filehandle.writev` (promise
version) methods. They allow to write an array of `ArrayBufferView`s
to a file descriptor. https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/25925https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/29186
* http:
* Added three properties to `OutgoingMessage.prototype`:
`writableObjectMode`, `writableLength` and `writableHighWaterMark`
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/29018
* stream:
* Added an new property `readableEnded` to readable streams. Its value
is set to `true` when the `'end'` event is emitted.
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/28814
* Added an new property `writableEnded` to writable streams. Its value
is set to `true` after `writable.end()` has been called.
https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/28934
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/29210
This is a security release.
Notable changes:
Node.js, as well as many other implementations of HTTP/2, have been
found vulnerable to Denial of Service attacks.
See https://github.com/Netflix/security-bulletins/blob/master/advisories/third-party/2019-002.md
for more information.
Vulnerabilities fixed:
* CVE-2019-9511 “Data Dribble”: The attacker requests a large amount of
data from a specified resource over multiple streams. They manipulate
window size and stream priority to force the server to queue the data
in 1-byte chunks. Depending on how efficiently this data is queued,
this can consume excess CPU, memory, or both, potentially leading to a
denial of service.
* CVE-2019-9512 “Ping Flood”: The attacker sends continual pings to an
HTTP/2 peer, causing the peer to build an internal queue of responses.
Depending on how efficiently this data is queued, this can consume
excess CPU, memory, or both, potentially leading to a denial of
service.
* CVE-2019-9513 “Resource Loop”: The attacker creates multiple request
streams and continually shuffles the priority of the streams in a way
that causes substantial churn to the priority tree. This can consume
excess CPU, potentially leading to a denial of service.
* CVE-2019-9514 “Reset Flood”: The attacker opens a number of streams
and sends an invalid request over each stream that should solicit a
stream of RST_STREAM frames from the peer. Depending on how the peer
queues the RST_STREAM frames, this can consume excess memory, CPU,or
both, potentially leading to a denial of service.
* CVE-2019-9515 “Settings Flood”: The attacker sends a stream of
SETTINGS frames to the peer. Since the RFC requires that the peer
reply with one acknowledgement per SETTINGS frame, an empty SETTINGS
frame is almost equivalent in behavior to a ping. Depending on how
efficiently this data is queued, this can consume excess CPU, memory,
or both, potentially leading to a denial of service.
* CVE-2019-9516 “0-Length Headers Leak”: The attacker sends a stream of
headers with a 0-length header name and 0-length header value,
optionally Huffman encoded into 1-byte or greater headers. Some
implementations allocate memory for these headers and keep the
allocation alive until the session dies. This can consume excess
memory, potentially leading to a denial of service.
* CVE-2019-9517 “Internal Data Buffering”: The attacker opens the HTTP/2
window so the peer can send without constraint; however, they leave
the TCP window closed so the peer cannot actually write (many of) the
bytes on the wire. The attacker then sends a stream of requests for a
large response object. Depending on how the servers queue the
responses, this can consume excess memory, CPU, or both, potentially
leading to a denial of service.
* CVE-2019-9518 “Empty Frames Flood”: The attacker sends a stream of
frames with an empty payload and without the end-of-stream flag. These
frames can be DATA, HEADERS, CONTINUATION and/or PUSH_PROMISE. The
peer spends time processing each frame disproportionate to attack
bandwidth. This can consume excess CPU, potentially leading to a
denial of service. (Discovered by Piotr Sikora of Google)
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/29152
This is a security release.
Notable changes:
Node.js, as well as many other implementations of HTTP/2, have been
found vulnerable to Denial of Service attacks.
See https://github.com/Netflix/security-bulletins/blob/master/advisories/third-party/2019-002.md
for more information.
Vulnerabilities fixed:
* CVE-2019-9511 “Data Dribble”: The attacker requests a large amount of
data from a specified resource over multiple streams. They manipulate
window size and stream priority to force the server to queue the data
in 1-byte chunks. Depending on how efficiently this data is queued,
this can consume excess CPU, memory, or both, potentially leading to a
denial of service.
* CVE-2019-9512 “Ping Flood”: The attacker sends continual pings to an
HTTP/2 peer, causing the peer to build an internal queue of responses.
Depending on how efficiently this data is queued, this can consume
excess CPU, memory, or both, potentially leading to a denial of
service.
* CVE-2019-9513 “Resource Loop”: The attacker creates multiple request
streams and continually shuffles the priority of the streams in a way
that causes substantial churn to the priority tree. This can consume
excess CPU, potentially leading to a denial of service.
* CVE-2019-9514 “Reset Flood”: The attacker opens a number of streams
and sends an invalid request over each stream that should solicit a
stream of RST_STREAM frames from the peer. Depending on how the peer
queues the RST_STREAM frames, this can consume excess memory, CPU,or
both, potentially leading to a denial of service.
* CVE-2019-9515 “Settings Flood”: The attacker sends a stream of
SETTINGS frames to the peer. Since the RFC requires that the peer
reply with one acknowledgement per SETTINGS frame, an empty SETTINGS
frame is almost equivalent in behavior to a ping. Depending on how
efficiently this data is queued, this can consume excess CPU, memory,
or both, potentially leading to a denial of service.
* CVE-2019-9516 “0-Length Headers Leak”: The attacker sends a stream of
headers with a 0-length header name and 0-length header value,
optionally Huffman encoded into 1-byte or greater headers. Some
implementations allocate memory for these headers and keep the
allocation alive until the session dies. This can consume excess
memory, potentially leading to a denial of service.
* CVE-2019-9517 “Internal Data Buffering”: The attacker opens the HTTP/2
window so the peer can send without constraint; however, they leave
the TCP window closed so the peer cannot actually write (many of) the
bytes on the wire. The attacker then sends a stream of requests for a
large response object. Depending on how the servers queue the
responses, this can consume excess memory, CPU, or both, potentially
leading to a denial of service.
* CVE-2019-9518 “Empty Frames Flood”: The attacker sends a stream of
frames with an empty payload and without the end-of-stream flag. These
frames can be DATA, HEADERS, CONTINUATION and/or PUSH_PROMISE. The
peer spends time processing each frame disproportionate to attack
bandwidth. This can consume excess CPU, potentially leading to a
denial of service. (Discovered by Piotr Sikora of Google)
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/29148
