diff --git a/doc/api/deprecations.md b/doc/api/deprecations.md
index dcba5f65f61..ad371609432 100644
--- a/doc/api/deprecations.md
+++ b/doc/api/deprecations.md
@@ -3748,6 +3748,9 @@ It is recommended to use the `new` qualifier instead. This applies to all Zlib c
 
 <!-- YAML
 changes:
+  - version: REPLACEME
+    pr-url: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/54869
+    description: Runtime deprecation.
   - version:
     - v22.9.0
     - v20.18.0
@@ -3755,7 +3758,7 @@ changes:
     description: Documentation-only deprecation.
 -->
 
-Type: Documentation-only
+Type: Runtime
 
 Instantiating classes without the `new` qualifier exported by the `node:repl` module is deprecated.
 It is recommended to use the `new` qualifier instead. This applies to all REPL classes, including
diff --git a/lib/internal/util.js b/lib/internal/util.js
index 1c32efaf2c7..c6de8b31402 100644
--- a/lib/internal/util.js
+++ b/lib/internal/util.js
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ const {
 } = internalBinding('util');
 const { isNativeError, isPromise } = internalBinding('types');
 const { getOptionValue } = require('internal/options');
+const assert = require('internal/assert');
 const { encodings } = internalBinding('string_decoder');
 
 const noCrypto = !process.versions.openssl;
@@ -179,6 +180,14 @@ function deprecate(fn, msg, code, useEmitSync) {
   return deprecated;
 }
 
+function deprecateInstantiation(target, code, ...args) {
+  assert(typeof code === 'string');
+
+  getDeprecationWarningEmitter(code, `Instantiating ${target.name} without the 'new' keyword has been deprecated.`, target)();
+
+  return ReflectConstruct(target, args);
+}
+
 function decorateErrorStack(err) {
   if (!(isError(err) && err.stack) || err[decorated_private_symbol])
     return;
@@ -879,6 +888,7 @@ module.exports = {
   defineLazyProperties,
   defineReplaceableLazyAttribute,
   deprecate,
+  deprecateInstantiation,
   emitExperimentalWarning,
   encodingsMap,
   exposeInterface,
diff --git a/lib/repl.js b/lib/repl.js
index 37b34af2917..c195ba428ce 100644
--- a/lib/repl.js
+++ b/lib/repl.js
@@ -111,6 +111,7 @@ const {
   decorateErrorStack,
   isError,
   deprecate,
+  deprecateInstantiation,
   SideEffectFreeRegExpPrototypeSymbolReplace,
   SideEffectFreeRegExpPrototypeSymbolSplit,
 } = require('internal/util');
@@ -262,12 +263,7 @@ function REPLServer(prompt,
                     ignoreUndefined,
                     replMode) {
   if (!(this instanceof REPLServer)) {
-    return new REPLServer(prompt,
-                          stream,
-                          eval_,
-                          useGlobal,
-                          ignoreUndefined,
-                          replMode);
+    return deprecateInstantiation(REPLServer, 'DEP0185', prompt, stream, eval_, useGlobal, ignoreUndefined, replMode);
   }
 
   let options;
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-repl-preview-without-inspector.js b/test/parallel/test-repl-preview-without-inspector.js
index 8905d214836..67090a928fe 100644
--- a/test/parallel/test-repl-preview-without-inspector.js
+++ b/test/parallel/test-repl-preview-without-inspector.js
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ function runAndWait(cmds, repl) {
   return promise;
 }
 
-const repl = REPLServer({
+const repl = new REPLServer({
   prompt: PROMPT,
   stream: new REPLStream(),
   ignoreUndefined: true,
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-repl-preview.js b/test/parallel/test-repl-preview.js
index 6eb2a169918..06a044f5a11 100644
--- a/test/parallel/test-repl-preview.js
+++ b/test/parallel/test-repl-preview.js
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ function runAndWait(cmds, repl) {
 }
 
 async function tests(options) {
-  const repl = REPLServer({
+  const repl = new REPLServer({
     prompt: PROMPT,
     stream: new REPLStream(),
     ignoreUndefined: true,
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-repl.js b/test/parallel/test-repl.js
index 610c7813e04..be51efd2143 100644
--- a/test/parallel/test-repl.js
+++ b/test/parallel/test-repl.js
@@ -1035,3 +1035,17 @@ function event(ee, expected) {
     }));
   });
 }
+
+{
+  const server = repl.REPLServer();
+  common.expectWarning({
+    DeprecationWarning: {
+      DEP0185: 'Instantiating REPLServer without the \'new\' keyword has been deprecated.',
+      // For the 'url.format' test-case.
+      DEP0169:
+        '`url.parse()` behavior is not standardized and prone to errors that have security implications. ' +
+        'Use the WHATWG URL API instead. CVEs are not issued for `url.parse()` vulnerabilities.',
+    }
+  });
+  server.emit('line', '.exit');
+}